Due to the constant increase in energy prices, the choice of the most economical variant of heating is constantly relevant. And if you consider that the heating system, in addition to compliance with modern comfortable living conditions, should also be financially accessible, then the choice remains small. – The device of the “warm water floor” system is the most economical solution for heating the premises.
The advantage of the warm floor is that it evenly gives heat over the entire area of the floor. At the same time, the temperature above the floor is about 26-28 ° C, at a height of two meters – 20-22 ° C, and under the ceiling – only 16-18 ° C. Due to this rational use of thermal energy, it is possible to reduce heating costs by 30 – 50%, depending on the height of the ceilings.
It turns out that the legs are warm, and the head is cool. At the same time, drafts are not formed, which accompany heating with radiators.
Warm water floor is mounted in different ways:
A) The so-called “wet” technology, in which pipes with a heat carrier are poured with a concrete screed. This is a very common method, since concrete serves as a good protection of the heating system from mechanical influences, and at the same time, uniform distribution of heat over the floor surface is ensured.
B) Laying decking with aluminum foil. Here, a thermally insulated concrete plate serves as a heating element. Pipes are installed in it, through which hot water circulates. Laying takes place as follows: on a prepared cement-sand screed and along the walls, a flooring is laid, the aluminum film of which prevents heat from escaping into the floor and walls. From above, with the help of fasteners, pipes are laid and poured with cement mortar. After hardening, lay tiles, carpet or other floor covering.
C) The “wooden” method involves laying pipelines immediately on the subfloor. It is used only when it is impossible to apply the “wet” technology.
Installation work on the installation of a water-heated floor can be carried out only after the mandatory preparatory work. It is undesirable for a bathroom if, after installing a warm floor, the floor level becomes higher, because in case of flooding, water will enter the rooms faster. So that the floor height does not increase, it is necessary that there is a margin below the calculated level of the laying surface – at least 7 cm.
If there is soil directly under the floor, then it is necessary to provide reliable waterproofing. If the waterproofing contains bitumen, then under the thermal insulation layer, for separation, lay a layer of plastic film or cardboard. We also need plastering work.
Cement-sand screed must be with a perfect flat surface. Irregularities should not be more than 10 mm, since in place of the bumps the pipe can be deformed and an air lock will appear in it, which will interfere with the circulation of the coolant. If irregularities nevertheless turned out, then it is necessary to make an additional screed. In this case, loose materials cannot be used.
Install a water heated floor system when the screed is completely dry.
The highest return is obtained from the installation of warm water floors, in kitchens, bathrooms – where ceramic tiles with high thermal conductivity are used as flooring. Thanks to this property of the tile, a quick heating of the room is ensured.
In other living rooms, you can also install a water heated floor. Only due to the fact that linoleum, parquet or carpet with relatively low thermal conductivity serve as flooring in bedrooms and other rooms, the efficiency of the warm floor will be less. Moreover, over time, due to exposure to temperature, the linoleum softens and deteriorates faster, and the parquet simply dries out.
Therefore, in rooms with such floor materials, a lower coolant temperature is set.
