Comfort and coziness without heat in the house is impossible. Therefore, the insulation of the house is always in the area of close attention.
When starting to insulate, it is not recommended to place the insulating material inside the wooden house, because at the points of contact with the insulation, due to this, moisture can accumulate on the surface of the wooden walls. The microclimate in the house will constantly deteriorate, and the walls will gradually collapse. Therefore, the insulation is located on the outside of the house. In systems of ventilated facades, the insulation is reinforced on the outer side of the facade, and on top it is lined with decorative tiles.
It is better to use a heater consisting of plates, since it does not sag during operation, compared to roll insulation.
The insulation must always be in a dry state – that is, it must perform its functions as a heater. To do this, install vapor-permeable insulation [1], which can remove steam from a warm house outside in cold weather, maintaining the necessary temperature-humid microclimate.
To protect the insulation from moisture, a material with the functions of waterproofing and wind protection is used. From the outside, it can be an ordinary windproof film, and from the side of the room, it is best to use superdiffusion membranes, which perfectly remove water vapor to the outside, and do not let water into the middle of the house. This will keep the insulation in working condition, and keep the walls from moisture in any climatic conditions.
Among modern heaters, the most common, and with excellent consumer qualities, are mineral wool heaters from manufacturers ROCKWOOL, URSA, ISOVER. These heaters have the maximum heat-saving effect. They consist of a fibrous material that is made from basalt, a very durable rock. In addition to very low thermal conductivity, the materials of this group are distinguished by high sound-proofing qualities, and, which is important for insulation, extremely low hygroscopicity. Mineral wool does not burn, its fibers withstand temperatures of 1000 degrees, it does not start mold, fungus or insects. It does not emit toxic substances, is chemically inert and environmentally friendly, unlike glass wool.
The required thickness of the insulation boards is determined based on the thickness of the walls of the house. For example, for a house in the climatic conditions of the Moscow region, with a wall thickness of 150 mm, a 5 cm thick mineral wool insulation is enough. Insulation plates are installed with a solid carpet.
It is even more preferable to install thinner slabs in two continuous layers, while the joints of 2 slabs of one layer should be overlapped by a slab of another layer. With such a two-layer installation of insulation, the effectiveness of thermal insulation becomes much higher.
In addition to warming the walls of a wooden house [2], you need to pay special attention to the windows. Quite often blows from the junction of the window frame with the wall. Outside, such places are recommended to either caulk or use modern polymer sealants. Wooden windows need to be painted periodically. This not only refreshes its appearance, but also gives it additional tightness.
Double-glazed windows retain heat better, while inserting the glass into the frame, they put it on silicone sealant. Such a measure will protect the house from cold air in winter. Well, complete tightness can be achieved by installing plastic windows.
Insulation of a wooden house is best done in a warm period of time with more or less constant temperature and humidity. Previously, the dry walls of the house must be additionally caulked and treated with antiseptics and flame retardants.
